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§¹§Ø§ï§ß §¸§Ú [Õýšâ] §Ú §³§Ö §¸§Ú [аšâ]
§¿§ä§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ñ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í §á§à §ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§å. §¹§Ø§ï§ß, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§å§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §é§Ø§ï§ß §è§Ú - Õýšâ, §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î, §Ü§â§Ñ§ã§à§ä§å §Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §Ú §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û. §´§Ñ§Ü, §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ, §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §å§Ô§ß§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§ð - §ï§ä§à §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ. §£ §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§Ö §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §é§Ø§ï§ß §è§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ü §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§å. §£§Ö§ä§Ö§â, §ç§à§Ý§à§Õ, §Ø§Ñ§â§Ñ, §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ã§å§ç§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §à§Ô§à§ß§î §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ "§ê§Ö§ã§ä§î§ð §Õ§å§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú", §à§ä §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ú§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§í §ß§à§â§Þ§í, §ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ù§Ú§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú (§é§Ø§ï§ß §è§Ú). §¿§ä§à §ß§Ö §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ú§á §¸§Ú, §Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§Û §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß, §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ú§á§í §¸§Ú, §Ó §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ð §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §à§ä §ß§Ñ§â§å§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§ä§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó.
§³§Ö, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§å§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§Ö §è§Ú - аšâ, §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ý§à§Ò§å, §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§î, §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§å §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û. §£ §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§í §ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§ç "§Õ§å§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Û" §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§í §ß§à§â§Þ§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §ä§à §à§ß§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö-§á§Ñ§ä§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú (§ã§Ö §è§Ú). §¯§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §é§â§Ö§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§ä§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§Ñ §á§à§Ó§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§ð, §Ñ §Ó §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§Ý§í§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ç ¡ª §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú. §£§â§Ñ§é§Ú, §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§å§ð §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§å, §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§Ö §è§Ú §á§Ñ§ä§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û.
§ª§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú:
§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ð§ä §à§ä §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ã §à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù §á§ñ§ä§Ú §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§ß§í§ç §ã§Ö-§è§Ú. §£§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ä§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö "§¯§Ñ§ß§î§è§Ù§Ú§ß" §á§Ö§â§Ö§é§Ú§ã§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§ß§à§Û-§ã§Ö:
§³§Ö §¸§Ú §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö. §£ "§¹§Ø§ï§ß§î §¸§Ù§ð §¥§Ñ §¹§Ö§ß" §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à "§ã§Ú§ß§Õ§â§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§í" §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ß §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û §ã§Ö, §Ñ "§ã§Ú§ß§Õ§â§à§Þ §á§å§ã§ä§à§ä§í" §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ß §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§â§Ö§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û §ã§Ö.
( §¥§å§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß §¥. §¡. §´§â§å§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§í. ¡ª §.: §¡§ã§ä§Ñ-§á§â§Ö§ã§ã, 1991 )
§¯§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§å. §±§Ö§â§Ö§å§ä§à§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§Ý§Ú§ê§Ü§à§Þ §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§ã§Ú§ç§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ñ§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à §ß§Ñ§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§â§Ö§Õ §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ù§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§à§ß§ß§Ú§è§å, §Ó§à§ã§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§Ö§ß, §Ù§Ñ§á§à§â. §£§ã§Ö §ï§ä§Ú §ã§Ú§Þ§á§ä§à§Þ§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§â§Ñ§é§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§í "§Ø§Ñ§â§à§Þ", §ä. §Ö. §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬ §é§Ö§Þ§å §ï§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä? §£ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ú§Ù§Ò§í§ä§à§é§ß§à§Þ §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §é§Ø§ï§ß §è§Ú §Ó §ã§Ö §è§Ú. §£ §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î: "§§ð§Ò§à§Û §Ú§Ù§Ò§í§ä§à§Ü §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ "§à§Ô§ß§Ö§Þ"". §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ä§Ö§Ý§à §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ, §à§ß §ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §à§ä §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ §æ§Ý§Ö§Ô§Þ§í, §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú, §Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §æ§Ú§Ù§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§í, §ä§à §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ. §£§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Û §æ§Ý§Ö§Ô§Þ§í §Ú §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ö §è§Ú.
§°§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ã§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ö §Ú §é§Ø§ï§ß §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à. §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Û§Õ§Ö§ß§í §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í, §á§à§Ù§Ú§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö. §´§Ñ§Ü, §Ü§â§à§Ó§î §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§ß§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ó §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ. §³ §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú §Ú §ä§Ö §Ø§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú §å §à§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç §å §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§å§ð §á§â§Ú§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ü §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ. §ª§ä§Ñ§Ü, §à§Õ§ß§à §Ú §ä§à §Ø§Ö §ç§à§â§à§ê§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §Ú §á§Ý§à§ç§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç. §±§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§Û. §£ "§¬§Ñ§ß§à§ß§Ö §·§å§Ñ§ß-§Õ§Ú §à §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ö§Þ" §ß§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§ä§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§Ñ §á§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§î §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§í§Û §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§ã §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú. §¬§Ñ§Ü §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ñ§Ü§Ü§å§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§ð §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ò§â§à§Þ §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ú, §â§Ú§ã§Ü§å§Ö§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§à§Û §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §à§ß §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ. §£§à§ä §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §Ó "§¬§Ñ§ß§à§ß§Ö §·§å§Ñ§ß-§Õ§Ú §à §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ö§Þ" §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §á§à§ä§à§Ü§à§Ó §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ç§Ñ §Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§â§Ñ. §¡ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§æ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §³§±§ª§¥§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Û§ß§í§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ö§Û.
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§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §¬§â§à§Ó§î§ð §Ú §¸§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ä§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î. §¬§â§à§Ó§î ¡ª §ï§ä§à §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ §¸§Ú, §ß§à §à§é§Ö§ß§î §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ. §¸§Ú ¡ª §ï§ä§à §Á§ß §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §¬§â§à§Ó§î§ð (§ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ), §ß§à §ª§ß§î §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §¸§Ú (§Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ).
§¸§Ú §Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§î §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Þ§í.
§±§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¸§Ú §è§Ú§â§Ü§å§Ý§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §¬§â§à§Ó§î§ð §Ó §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§à§ã§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§ç. §´§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §¸§Ú §Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§î§ð §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ §å§Ø§Ö §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à §Þ§Ñ§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó, §á§à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ä §¸§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§à§ã§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ã§å§Õ§à§Ó. §¬§â§à§Ó§î §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §à§ä §á§à§â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û, §á§Ö§â§Ö§ß§à§ã§ñ§ë§Ö§Û §Ú §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Û §¸§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ, §Ó §ã§Ó§à§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î, §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §à§ä §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú.
§¬§â§à§Ó§î §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §¸§Ú §Õ§Ó§à§ñ§Ü§à: §Ó§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §Ñ §Ó§à-§Ó§ä§à§â§í§ç, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä "§á§Ý§à§ä§ß§å§ð" §ã§å§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ð, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð "§Ó§ã§á§Ý§í§ä§Ú§Ö" §¸§Ú §Ú §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§Þ§á§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §±§å§ã§ä§à§Ô§à §¨§Ñ§â§Ñ. §°§Ò§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¸§Ú §Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú §à§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ "§¬§â§à§Ó§î ¡ª §®§Ñ§ä§î §¸§Ú".
§´§Ö§ã§ß§å§ð §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §¸§Ú §Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §å§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§î §Ó §Ü§Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ç, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú: §à§é§Ö§ß§î §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Û §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§á§à§ä§Ö§â§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §¸§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§ä§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î, §à§Õ§í§ê§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ç§à§Ý§à§Õ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§ç. §³ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§ä§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î (§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§ã§ä§à§ë§Ñ§ð§ä §¸§Ú) §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §à§ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§Ö§â§Õ§è§Ö§Ò§Ú§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
§¸§Ú §á§à§â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §¬§â§à§Ó§î, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¸§Ú §±§Ú§ë§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú, §Ñ §¸§Ú §§Ö§Ô§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú.
§´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §¸§Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä §Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ü §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú. §¯§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §ä§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §¸§Ú, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î §¬§â§à§Ó§î. §¿§ä§à §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó §Ý§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ä§â§Ñ§Ó§í, §ä§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §¸§Ú §Ú §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §¬§â§à§Ó§î, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ, §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §Ñ§Ü§å§á§å§ß§Ü§ä§å§â§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ú§è§Ñ §ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü §ñ§ã§ß§Ñ.
§¸§Ú ¡ª §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§å§ë§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú. §¢§Ö§Ù §¸§Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§î §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §ß§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§ß§Ñ. §±§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¸§Ú §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ã §¬§â§à§Ó§î§ð §Ú §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ä §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ß§Ö§Û §á§à §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§à§ã§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§Þ. §¸§Ú §§Ö§Ô§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §¸§Ú §Ó §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§à§ã§ß§å§ð §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å.
§¿§ä§Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §à§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú "§¸§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §¬§â§à§Ó§î §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ §ß§Ö§Û" §Ú§Ý§Ú "§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §¸§Ú §ß§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§ß§Ñ, §¬§â§à§Ó§î §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä".
§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §¸§Ú, §ß§Ú§é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §¬§â§à§Ó§î, §Ú §à§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ.
§¸§Ú §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §¬§â§à§Ó§î §Ó §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§à§ã§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§ç, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¿§ä§à §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §¸§Ú §³§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §¸§Ú §³§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ñ, §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §¬§â§à§Ó§î, §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú §¸§Ú §±§à§é§Ö§Ü §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §¬§â§à§Ó§Ú §Ó §ã§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§ç §®§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ú.
§À§ï §¶§ï§Û ( §Ü§Ú§ä. §ä§â§Ñ§Õ. ÔÀïw , §å§á§â. ÔÀ ·É , §á§Ú§ß§î§Ú§ß§î : Yu¨¨ F¨¥i ; 23 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 1103 , §´§Ñ§ß§ì§Ú§ß§î §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Á§ß§é§Ø§à§å ¡ª 27 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1141 ) ¡ª §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ô§Ö§â§à§Û §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ , §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó XII §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ø§å§â§é§Ø§ï§ß§Ö§Û.
§À§ï §¶§ï§ð §á§â§Ú§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §é§Ø§å§â§é§Ø§ï§ß§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§ß§Ú§è§Ö §á§â§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ó§à§Ú§ß§à§Ó, §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§à§Ü§Ý§Ú§ß§Ü§à§Ó§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §á§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã §Ü§â§ð§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §À§ï §¶§ï§Û §å§ã§á§Ö§ê§ß§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§â§Ö§ã§ä§î§ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§â§à§Þ§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ò§à§Û§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó. §£ §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §æ§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ý§à§â§Ö §Ú§Þ§ñ §À§ï §¶§ï§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§Ú§ß§à§ß§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§à§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ.
§³ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Þ §À§ï §¶§ï§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§à§Ö§Ó§í§ç §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö. §¦§Ô§à §Þ§à§Ô§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§å §à§Ù§Ö§â§Ñ §³§Ú§ç§å §Ó §·§Ñ§ß§é§Ø§à§å §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Ü§Ü§à§Û.